Changes

Compared to the concepts [[alternative medicine]] and [[complementary medicine]] it focuses on integration with conventional medicine. The wording alternative medicine describes approaches used ''instead'' of conventional medicine. Complementary medicine pictures a [[Wikipedia:complementarity|complementarity]] of approaches. Integrative medicine uses scientific methods to evaluate complementary and alternative medical (CAM) therapies and is open to a dialog of different [[Wikipedia:paradigm|paradigms]] including those from non-conventional systems in a manner of [[medical pluralism|medical pluralism]]. Central is the effort for [[Wikipedia:scientificity|scientificity]] and [[Wikipedia:research|research]] with openness of the concept of [[science]].

Compared to the concepts [[alternative medicine]] and [[complementary medicine]] it focuses on integration with conventional medicine. The wording alternative medicine describes approaches used ''instead'' of conventional medicine. Complementary medicine pictures a [[Wikipedia:complementarity|complementarity]] of approaches. Integrative medicine uses scientific methods to evaluate complementary and alternative medical (CAM) therapies and is open to a dialog of different [[Wikipedia:paradigm|paradigms]] including those from non-conventional systems in a manner of [[medical pluralism|medical pluralism]]. Central is the effort for [[Wikipedia:scientificity|scientificity]] and [[Wikipedia:research|research]] with openness of the concept of [[science]].

===Aspects of integrative medicine===

==History of the concept==

 

==Aspects of integrative medicine==

A definition<ref name=":4" /> by the Andrew Weil center for integrative medicine sums up different aspects of integrative medicine:

A definition<ref name=":4" /> by the Andrew Weil center for integrative medicine sums up different aspects of integrative medicine:

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{| class="wikitable"

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|Patient and practitioner are partners in the healing process.

|Patient and practitioner are partners in the healing process.

|Relationship of patient and medical provider  

|Relationship of patient and medical provider

|Partnership

|Partnership

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|Appropriate use of both conventional and alternative methods facilitates the body's innate healing response.

| rowspan="2" |Appropriate use of both conventional and alternative methods facilitates the body's innate healing response.

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|Appropriate use of [[Conventional medicine|conventional]] and [[CAM]] therapies

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|

|-

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|Effective interventions that are natural and less invasive should be used whenever possible.

|Effective interventions that are natural and less invasive should be used whenever possible.

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|

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|Good medicine is based in good science. It is inquiry-driven and open to new paradigms.

| rowspan="2" |Good medicine is based in good science. It is inquiry-driven and open to new paradigms.

|

|

|[[Plurality of paradigms]]

|[[Plurality of paradigms]]

|Alongside the concept of treatment, the broader concepts of health promotion and the prevention of illness are paramount.

|Alongside the concept of treatment, the broader concepts of health promotion and the prevention of illness are paramount.

|

|

|[[Health promotion]], [[Wikipedia:Prevention|Prevention]], [[Wikipedia:Salutogenesis|Salutogenesis]]

|[[Treatment]],

[[Health promotion]],  

 

[[Wikipedia:Prevention|Prevention]]

 

[[Salutogenesis]], [[Hygiogenesis]]

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|Practitioners of integrative medicine should exemplify its principles and commit themselves to self-exploration and self-development.

|Practitioners of integrative medicine should exemplify its principles and commit themselves to self-exploration and self-development.

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|

|[[Wikipedia:Self-development|Self-development]]

|[[Self-exploration]]

[[Wikipedia:Self-development|Self-development]]

|}

|}

*

*

===History of the concept===

==Concept of Human Being==

In polarity to [[alternative medicine]], which emphasizes separation, the term integrative medicine denotes exchange and collaboration of complementary ([[complementary medicine|complementary]]) partners. The term integrative medicine was applied in the late 1940s in Anglo-American literature<ref name=":2">{{Cite |first=Benno|last=Brinkhaus|first2=Tobias|last2=Esch |chapter=Was ist integrative Medizin? |trans-chapter=What is integrative medicine?|editor-first=Benno|editor-last=Brinkhaus|editor-first2=Tobias|editor-last2=Esch |title=Integrative Medicine and Health |publisher=Medizinisch Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft |location=Berlin |date=2021 |ISBN=978-3-95466-422-1 |pages=9}}</ref> and propagated since the 1990s by, among others, [[Andrew Weil|Andrew Weil]]<ref name=":1">{{Cite |first=Dieter |last=Melchart |title=From Complementary to Integrative Medicine and Health: Do We Need a Change in Nomenclature? |journal=Complement Med Res |number=25 |publisher=Karger |location=Freiburg |date=2018 |language=en |DOI=10.1159/000488623 |pages=76-78}}</ref>. In the German-speaking world, the term came into use only from the 1990s.<ref name=":2" /> The emphases and interpretations of the still relatively young term changed over the years and are weighted partly differently by different representatives even today. Below are some descriptions and definitions.

Integrative medicine is sometimes perceived as a more human-centered approach to medicine, partly in response to perceived deficiencies in conventional medicine.<ref>{{Cite web| last = Kuhn| first = Daniela| title = Der menschliche Mediziner {{!}} NZZ| work = Neue Zürcher Zeitung| accessdate = 2021-07-10| url = https://www.nzz.ch/wissenschaft/bildung/der-menschliche-mediziner-1.18182902|date=|access-date=|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=live|language=de}}</ref> The latter achieves high levels of technical precision, but it is argued that its focus on a reductionistic-mechanistic worldview and concept of human beings does not always adequately address essential aspects of human nature. Aspects such as the uniqueness of each individual, human interaction, and biography come into play, which are difficult to reconcile with the prevalent machine paradigm. These considerations have also led to the development of biopsychosocial medicine.

 

Depending on the concept of human beings, questions regarding life processes, the human soul, and spirituality may come to the fore.

 

A variety of healthcare providers delivers care through integrative medicine. These providers may include: Physicians, nurse practitioners, chiropractic doctors, holistic mind-body psychotherapists, acupuncturists, chinese herbal therapists, tai chi practitioners, yoga practitioners, massage therapists, nutritionists, chefs ([[culinary medicine]]).<ref name=":5">{{Cite web| title = Integrative Medicine: What Is It, Types, Risks & Benefits| work = Cleveland Clinic| accessdate = 2023-06-23| url = https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/21683-integrative-medicine}}</ref>

 

==Research==

Scientific research is a central element in the field of integrative medicine.

 

Within the framework of the 7th Framework Programme of the EU (FP7: 7th Framework Programme), a coordination project called "[[CAMbrella]]" was conducted to investigate the supply and demand of complementary medicine.<ref>{{Cite book| publisher = Springer Berlin Heidelberg| isbn = 978-3-662-48878-2| others = Michael Frass, Lothar Krenner (eds.)| title = Integrative Medizin: Evidenzbasierte komplementärmedizinische Methoden| location = Berlin, Heidelberg| accessdate = 2022-05-06| date = 2019| url = http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-662-48879-9|chapter=Komplementär- und integrativmedizinische Forschungsprojekte und Horizont 2020 (8. Europäisches Forschungsförderprogramm)|language=de|author=Hedda Sützl-Klein}}</ref> The acronym "CAMbrella" stands for "umbrella of Complementary and Alternative Medicine".

 

The treatments promoted in integrative medicine are not substitutes for conventional medical care. They should be used along with standard medical treatment.<ref>{{Cite web| title = Integrative medicine - Mayo Clinic| work = Mayo Clinic| accessdate = 2023-06-23| url = https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/complementary-alternative-medicine/about/pac-20393581}}</ref> Integrative medicine should be used together with regular medical treatments. Integrative medicine providers communicate their care recommendations with other medical providers.<ref name=":5" /> Adequate regulatory and policy frameworks need to be put in place to ensure that risks are minimised.<ref>{{Cite journal| issn = 1876-3820| volume = 6| issue = 4| pages = 409–422| last1 = Wardle| first1 = Jonathan (Jon) Lee| last2 = Adams| first2 = Jon| title = Indirect and non-health risks associated with complementary and alternative medicine use: An integrative review| journal = European Journal of Integrative Medicine| accessdate = 2021-11-16| url = https://www.academia.edu/27637147/Indirect_and_non_health_risks_associated_with_complementary_and_alternative_medicine_use_An_integrative_review}}</ref>

 

<br />

==Definitions==

===Definitions===

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{| class="wikitable"

|+Definitions of Integrative Medicine

|+Definitions of Integrative Medicine

===USA===

===USA===

In USA the integrative medical movement is represented by organizations like the [[Academic Consortium for Integrative Medicine & Health]] and in the [[Wikipedia:National institutes of health|national institutes of health]] there is a department for integrative medicine called [[National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH)]].<ref name=":3" /><br />

In USA the integrative medical movement is represented by organizations like the [[Academic Consortium for Integrative Medicine & Health]], the [[Academy of Integrative Health & Medicine (AIHM)]], the [[International College of Integrative Medicine|international college of integrative medicine]] (ICIM) or the [[Integrative Medicine Consortium]] (IMC). In the [[Wikipedia:National institutes of health|national institutes of health]] there is a department for integrative medicine called [[National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH)]].<ref name=":3" />

 

 

 

* [https://citizendium.org/wiki/Integrative_medicine Integrative medicine] on [https://citizendium.org/ Citizendium]

==References==

==References==

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