Changes

[[File:Öldispersionsbad mit badendem Menschen und Bürstenmassage.jpg|thumbnail|Oil dispersion bath with brush massage|link=Special:FilePath/Öldispersionsbad_mit_badendem_Menschen_und_Bürstenmassage.jpg|alt=]]The '''oil dispersion bath (or Junge bath)''' is a [[bath therapy]] of [[anthroposophic medicine]]. It was developed by [[Werner Junge]], inspired by statements of [[Rudolf Steiner]]. By purely physical principles a mixture of [[Wikipedia:Oil|oil]] and [[Wikipedia:Water|water]] is achieved. For this purpose, a swirling apparatus made of glass is flowed through by the incoming bath water. The pear shape of the glass creates a vortex in the center of which oil flows in through a fine inlet. The oil is atomized into very fine droplets and forms a dispersion with the water, which remains stable for the duration of the bath and for a certain time beyond. The oils used as a base are various vegetable oils such as olive or linseed oil, to which essential oils or other additives such as metals are added. Often the oil dispersion bath is performed by a bath therapist who performs a brush massage. The temperature of the bath water should be approximately equal to the body heat and should not provide a heat or cold stimulus. After the bath there is a rest about the length of the bath. Wrapped in a cotton cloth and (wool) blankets, the aim is to warm the body by stimulating its own heat. The oil dispersion bath is used in addition to other therapeutic measures, especially in chronic diseases.[[File:Öldispersionsbad Befüllen mit Öl.JPG|thumbnail|Filling a Jungebad apparatus with oil|link=https://de.imedwiki.org/wiki/Datei:%C3%96ldispersionsbad_Bef%C3%BCllen_mit_%C3%96l.JPG|alt=]]

[[File:Öldispersionsbad mit badendem Menschen und Bürstenmassage.jpg|thumbnail|Oil dispersion bath with brush massage|link=Special:FilePath/Öldispersionsbad_mit_badendem_Menschen_und_Bürstenmassage.jpg|alt=]]The '''oil dispersion bath (or Junge bath)''' is a [[bath therapy]] of [[anthroposophic medicine]]. It was developed by [[Werner Junge]], inspired by statements of [[Rudolf Steiner]]. By purely physical principles a mixture of [[Wikipedia:Oil|oil]] and [[Wikipedia:Water|water]] is achieved. For this purpose, a swirling apparatus made of glass is flowed through by the incoming bath water. The pear shape of the glass creates a vortex in the center of which oil flows in through a fine inlet. The oil is atomized into very fine droplets and forms a dispersion with the water, which remains stable for the duration of the bath and for a certain time beyond. The oils used as a base are various vegetable oils such as olive or linseed oil, to which essential oils or other additives such as metals are added. Often the oil dispersion bath is performed by a bath therapist who performs a brush massage. The temperature of the bath water should be approximately equal to the body heat and should not provide a heat or cold stimulus. After the bath there is a rest about the length of the bath. Wrapped in a cotton cloth and (wool) blankets, the aim is to warm the body by stimulating its own heat. The oil dispersion bath is used in addition to other therapeutic measures, especially in chronic diseases.[[File:Öldispersionsbad Befüllen mit Öl.JPG|thumbnail|Filling a Jungebad apparatus with oil|link=https://de.imedwiki.org/wiki/Datei:%C3%96ldispersionsbad_Bef%C3%BCllen_mit_%C3%96l.JPG|alt=]]

===History===

===History===

The oil dispersion bath was developed by [[Werner Junge]] in 1937 as a medical therapy. Based on a note by Rudolf Steiner on the treatment of sugar dysentery ([[diabetes mellitus]]) (I. Medical Course, 1920, Dornach) "on the effect of finely atomized oils,"<ref>{{GZ||312|286}}</ref> he designed the first oil dispersion bath apparatus. <ref>{{Cite web |autor=Erika Boschan |url=https://www.oelundwasser.de/das-oeldispersionsbad/ |titel=Das Oeldispersionsbad |werk=Website des Internationalen Vereines für Öldispersionsbadetherapie |hrsg= |datum= |abruf=2020-11-09 |sprache=}}</ref> The name oil dispersion bath goes back to the anthroposophical physician [[Hans Klett]], who called the oil-water mixture dispersion.<ref>{{Cite journal |Autor=Franziska Junge |Titel=So entstand das Öldispersionsbad |Hrsg= |Sammelwerk=Merkurstab |Band=5 |Nummer= |Auflage= |Verlag= |Ort= |Datum=1990-09 |ISBN= |Seiten= |Online=https://www.firma-indruk.nl/pags/docs/22_entstehen_oldisp.pdf_2825.pdf}}</ref> In 2001, bath therapists joined forces in the International Association for Oil Dispersion Bath Therapy according to Werner Junge.<ref>{{Cite web |autor= |url=https://www.100jahrezukunft.de/anthro-medizin/historie/in-der-praxis/die-oeldiespersionsbadetherapie-entsteht |title=Die Öldispersionsbadetherapie entsteht |website=100 Jahre Zukunft |hrsg= |datum= |abruf=2020-11-09 |sprache=}}</ref>

The oil dispersion bath was developed by [[Werner Junge]] in 1937 as a medical therapy. Based on a note by Rudolf Steiner on the treatment of sugar dysentery ([[diabetes mellitus]]) (I. Medical Course, 1920, Dornach) "on the effect of finely atomized oils,"<ref>{{GZ||312|286}}</ref> he designed the first oil dispersion bath apparatus. <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.oelundwasser.de/das-oeldispersionsbad/ |title=Das Oeldispersionsbad|website=Website of the International Verein for Öldispersion bath therapy|language=de|first=Erika|last=Boschan|trans-title=The oil dispersion bath|access-date=2020-11-09}}</ref> The name oil dispersion bath goes back to the anthroposophical physician [[Hans Klett]], who called the oil-water mixture dispersion.<ref>{{Cite journal |Autor=Franziska Junge |Titel=So entstand das Öldispersionsbad |Hrsg= |Sammelwerk=Merkurstab |Band=5 |Nummer= |Auflage= |Verlag= |Ort= |Datum=1990-09 |ISBN= |Seiten= |Online=https://www.firma-indruk.nl/pags/docs/22_entstehen_oldisp.pdf_2825.pdf}}</ref> In 2001, bath therapists joined forces in the International Association for Oil Dispersion Bath Therapy according to Werner Junge.<ref>{{Cite web |autor= |url=https://www.100jahrezukunft.de/anthro-medizin/historie/in-der-praxis/die-oeldiespersionsbadetherapie-entsteht |title=Die Öldispersionsbadetherapie entsteht |website=100 Jahre Zukunft |hrsg= |datum= |abruf=2020-11-09 |sprache=}}</ref>

===Implementation===

===Implementation===

Als Chronik verfasst im Sommer 2016. |Hrsg= |Sammelwerk= |Band= |Nummer= |Auflage= |Verlag= |Ort= |Datum=2016 |ISBN= |Seiten=}}</ref> In this, occupations with the nature of water and its vortices, lemniscate and projective geometry played a role.

Als Chronik verfasst im Sommer 2016. |Hrsg= |Sammelwerk= |Band= |Nummer= |Auflage= |Verlag= |Ort= |Datum=2016 |ISBN= |Seiten=}}</ref> In this, occupations with the nature of water and its vortices, lemniscate and projective geometry played a role.

=== Studies ===

===Studies===

* A study on the absorption of ingredients in the oil dispersion bath compared with other bathing methods.<ref>{{Cite journal |Autor=Römmelt H. |Titel=Perkutane Resorption ätherischer Öle während eines Öldispersionsbades |Hrsg= |Sammelwerk= |Band= |Nummer= |Auflage= |Verlag= |Ort=München: Institut für medizinische Balneologie und Klimatologie der Universität München |Datum=1981 |ISBN= |Seiten= |Kommentar=Briefliche Mitteilung an Werner Junge vom 14.7.1981}}</ref>

*A study on the absorption of ingredients in the oil dispersion bath compared with other bathing methods.<ref>{{Cite journal |Autor=Römmelt H. |Titel=Perkutane Resorption ätherischer Öle während eines Öldispersionsbades |Hrsg= |Sammelwerk= |Band= |Nummer= |Auflage= |Verlag= |Ort=München: Institut für medizinische Balneologie und Klimatologie der Universität München |Datum=1981 |ISBN= |Seiten= |Kommentar=Briefliche Mitteilung an Werner Junge vom 14.7.1981}}</ref>

* A 2008 systematic literature review<ref name=":1" /> found a small number of studies (1 prospective clinical study, 3 experimental studies with healthy subjects, 5 case reports, and 3 experience reports). The studies described improvement in almost all cases, although the methodological quality of most studies was weak. The main indications were metabolic/internal, and psychiatric/neurologic.

*A 2008 systematic literature review<ref name=":1" /> found a small number of studies (1 prospective clinical study, 3 experimental studies with healthy subjects, 5 case reports, and 3 experience reports). The studies described improvement in almost all cases, although the methodological quality of most studies was weak. The main indications were metabolic/internal, and psychiatric/neurologic.

=== Links ===

===Links===

* [[International Association for Oil Dispersion Bath Therapy according to Werner Junge e.V.]] - [https://www.oelundwasser.de/ Website](de)

*[[International Association for Oil Dispersion Bath Therapy according to Werner Junge e.V.]] - [https://www.oelundwasser.de/ Website](de)

* [https://www.damid.de/verstehen/therapien/oelbadetherapie.html Oil dispersion bath therapy](de) on the website of the [[Dachverband Anthroposophische Medizin in Deutschland (DAMiD)]] (umbrella organization for anthroposophic medicine in Germany)

*[https://www.damid.de/verstehen/therapien/oelbadetherapie.html Oil dispersion bath therapy](de) on the website of the [[Dachverband Anthroposophische Medizin in Deutschland (DAMiD)]] (umbrella organization for anthroposophic medicine in Germany)

* Instructions on how to perform oil dispersion baths can be found in the [[Nursing Vademecum]]:

*Instructions on how to perform oil dispersion baths can be found in the [[Nursing Vademecum]]:

** [https://www.pflege-vademecum.de/odbformica.php Oil dispersion bath with Formica oil 5%](de)

**[https://www.pflege-vademecum.de/odbformica.php Oil dispersion bath with Formica oil 5%](de)

** [https://www.pflege-vademecum.de/odb-grl-oel.php Oil dispersion bath with gold-rose-lavender](de)

**[https://www.pflege-vademecum.de/odb-grl-oel.php Oil dispersion bath with gold-rose-lavender](de)

** [https://www.pflege-vademecum.de/odb-lavendel.php Oil dispersion bath with lavender oil](de)

**[https://www.pflege-vademecum.de/odb-lavendel.php Oil dispersion bath with lavender oil](de)