Karl-Ernst Schäfer

Karl-Ernst Schäfer was a professor of environmental physiology in the USA and a former submarine officer. Together with Gerhard Kienle he organized the symposium "Menschengemäße Physiologische Wissenschaft und Medizin" ("Man-centered Physiological Science and Medicine") in Herdecke, from which the Free European Academy of Sciences (FEAW) and later the University of Witten/Herdecke developed. He edited the congress lectures in the volumes "Toward a man-centered science" (1977), "Basis of an Individual Physiology" (1979), and "Individuation Process and Biographical Aspects of Disease" (1979). He was involved with Otto Wolff in the founding of the U.S. Physicians Association for Anthroposophic Medicine (PAAM).